Semantics

N. Aljovi?, Syntax and semantics in generative grammar, 2011 De nonation, Reference and spirit Sense smisao pen bootencija denotation - denotacija (str. 239-... Ri?anovi? 1998) Questions: How do we role expression to nominate the universe? 1. I saw Nelson Mendela on TV stopping point night. 2. He lives in Paris We are identifying/picking show up an exclusive and a lo ditchion. = referring. The entity referred to is called a denotive. Denotation 3. A dunnock flew into the room. NPs utilise to refer to things in the world, to pick out entities. Ns use to denote trustworthy classes of items. sparrow denotes an animal that belongs to a class of birds with precise properties (colour, size, etc.) Referring what speakers do (by using lecture and behaviors). It is a moment-by-moment, temporary, descent: the referent of the linguistic expression a sparrow depends on the context it is uttered in, and changes in different situations and contexts Denoting a proper ty of rallying crys, independant from use, a stable relationship in language (sparrow is never use to identify an eagle, a tiger, a tree...) Types of reference major differences in the ways words can be used to refer: non-referring vs.

potentially referring expressions linguistic expressions that are never used to refer non-referring expressions: 4. but, so, if, maybe... They contribute heart and soul to the sentence but they do not themselves identify entities in the world. Lingistic expressions that can be used to refer: potentially referring expressions. 5. cat 6. That cat looks vicious proper(postnominal ) reference vs. generic reference potentiall! y referring expressions can be used to refer to an entity in the substantial world as in (7): 7. They performed a scan-disc this morning 8. A scan-disc is a spartan procedure In (8) the same word has generic interpretation, it is not used to refer to an individual deed/procedure of disc-scanning. In fact, it has been used as non-referring. Ambiguous NPs 9. Liz wants to link an...If you want to get off a full essay, sound out it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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