The Cosmogonic Cycle in Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

The Cosmogonic Cycle in Heart of Darkness The short unused Heart of Darkness tells a story just like any other wedge shapeic myth, except better. This novel rewards an educated reader. Many find the acidify to be extremely confusing, and actually quite dull. Though it is a complicated book, a reader is stimulated by the symbols and linguistics used by Conrad. The to the highest degree noticeable is the flaw in the Cosmogony Cycle. This cycle is an integral part of every heros journey. An important step in the cycle, the second step in fact, is finding a guide, either spiritual or tangible. If one were to look hard enough in most works of canonical literature, he would find all the necessary components of the Cosmogonic Cycle on the protagonists journey, the travel into the underworld, confronting the father figure, meeting, and saving, a female prisoner, then the journey backward into the conscious. A guide is there to lead the hero. He generally is a man or woman who has bee n on a similar journey and knows the pitfalls where the hero may fall. Without this figure in Marlows journey, he fell into the temptation of staying in the unconscious evil domain. Conrad never gave Marlow a guide, in essence, dooming him to fail his mission. At the beginning of the protagonists journey it seemed as though the two women . . . knitting black wool (Conrad 13) in the trading center office were there to foreshadow the mortal death of Marlow. One may have drawn this conclusion because this is an obvious reference to the women who knitted while watching aristocrats executed by the guillotine during the French Revolution. I believe it meant something much more deep. A good writer, one of Conrads caliber, does not place superfluous scenes, boys, or phrases in his or her book. He writes only what he needs to write. With that in mind, because Marlow did not die at the end of his journey, therefore the women then had to represent something else. They foreshadowed the death o f Marlows soul. They knew he was without a spirit guide because they were aware the Trading Company had not offered him one. They also knew Kurtz hadnt had a guide either. There were multiple uses of the word soul in the final chapter, many of which talked of the inability for a mans soul to escape the forest.

Childhood Memories of Dad :: Descriptive Writing Examples

Cold winters, hot summers, pokey gravel, darkness, inconvenient tools and deterioration of the old hotrods. All of this came to an abrupt hault when a father and sons dream became a reality. A place of our own to operate without distractions. A place to bring our thoughts together and mechanically reconstruct cars and repair them within our own limits. This place that my dad and I started building would be known as The Shop or a.k.a. Hopshop. This shop is the last project that my dad started and I was spillage to finish it. It all started by excavating the ground that would one-day support this shop. The shop plans had been previously made and were followed exactly. After the concrete was poured and steel beams were secured, it was ready to put the metal siding on. Within the concrete is our handprints and names, which makes it rase more special to me. This sturdy architecture was unable to be finished because of the lack of expenses, after my dads death. After that cold lonely win ter, leading to the on glide path year flew by very swiftly. I finally overcame my fear and decided that it was quantify to step up and find the will to complete the project. It took some time and money, but finally it was completed. It included automatic garage doors, sophisticated lighting system, a pellet stove for the cold winters and an air conditioner for the scorching summer. I locomote all of our air tools, craftsman wrenches, sockets, vises, grinders, and the vehicles. In addition to the shop, there are things within the shop that have stories to them, making it what it is, such as the toolbox, Mustang, and Bronco. The Mustang was my dads and it has been his since it was first manufactured. We were going to restore it to its original look that was established from my dads artistic ability. Designing it with gloss black and flames coming from both fender wells. It had 20 inch racing slicks with a 411 positive track pushing 400 horses with its 302 boss engine. I remember h ow it utilize to smell, like hot dust leather and it used to suck me back in the seat almost giving me whiplash. We called The Stang. It has been wrecked but only has a minor dent in its front ripe(p) fender. The engine is now in my dads 79 Ford but the

Hurricane :: essays research papers

Safety in HurricanesHurricanes are one of the most damaging forces of nature. These equatorial storms, with possible winds speeds of over eighty miles per hour, have the potential to destroy millionsincluding you. Which is why I write to you, the population of Southern Florida, in hopes of informing you about the dangers of hurricanes. umpteen precautions have been taken in the past. Though, some safety measures are unreliable. Having the attitude of Ohwhat are the chances of a hurricane hitting me? or What are the odds of that happening to me? give not surpass as a justification for not taking the proper precautions. The fact is hurricanes give very little warning time and it is utterly necessary that you clean your house and yard, adjudge plans for evacuation of family members, and get flood insurance.One of the most important safety steps is cleaning around your house, because materials in your yard can serve as missiles. The possible three hundred to four hundred mile spa n of the average hurricane can transform objects such as absolutely tree limbs, playground equipment, and any other loose materials in your yard into deadly projectiles targeted at your house. That is why it is important to cut dead limbs as well as trim back any weak limbs. Along with objects in your yard, your have can become hazardous during a hurricane. To check up on the inhabitants safety, boarding windows to avoid shooting glass is very essential. I would suggest permanent shutters, though this can become very expensive. some other alternative is using sheets of one-half inch plywood.Secondly, you should make evacuation plans for your family members. Planning an evacuation route is simple. You can peal local emergency management offices and circumscribe the quickest, safest route to a shelter. Though, make sure you create an evacuation plan for you pets. Pets may not be allowed into emergency shelters for health and space reasons. You can call your local humane society regarding local animal shelters. Overall, you should be ready to drive twenty to fifty miles away to a shelter so make sure you are supplied with ample gasoline.Hurricanes bring floods inland. Every person living in southern Florida should look into flood insurance. Like I said earlier, you should not have the attitude of It will never happen to me because it can, it is called Murphys Law and it states that what ever you think is least likely to happen will happen.

Depression :: Health, Nursing, Long Term Care

Evidence suggests that depression is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality and adversely affects the quality of life and social functioning (Katona, 1994). Some of these patients do not move about much, and with depression added to this premise, the transition from what these patients were used to, to a completely new environment is usually psychic traumatic.Nursing care providers can ease the trauma felt by these new arrivals by conducting assessments to determine whether these individuals are suffering from depression, so as to remedy this malady as soon as possible. picture affects approximately 5% of the population at any one time, with depressive symptoms being more common in people over 65, with prevalence estimates ranging from 10 to 15% (Baldwin, 1995). Depression in nursing homes has been recognized as in particular problematic states Ames, (1994). Depression is not a normal consequence of aging, and it is known to be under-recognized and under-treated, e specially in hospitals, outpatient settings, and nursing homes. (Patry, 2004).Problem BackgroundOlder people entering long-term care facilities face major adjustment challenges and are particularly compromising to mental health problems (Murphy, 1982 Mikhail, 1992 Manion & Rantz, 1995). Newly admitted residents in long-term care facilities are particularly vulnerable to depression and the early recognition and treatment of depression is because crucial around the time of admission to a home. (Bagley et al., 2000). By daytime 14 of their nursing home stay, thirty-eight percents of the admitted residents sampled in a study conducted by Boyle et al. (2004) were positive for depressive symptoms. Depression then is still a highly significant problem among those admitted to a nursing home. (Boyle, 2004).In contrast, the authors state that depression recognition in the nursing homes has improved. Michigans Quality Improvement Organization (MPRO) conducted a study of 14 nursing facilit ies to improve the accuracy of assessments, targeting, and monitoring of care. 69% of participants were female 46% were 76-85 and 37% were 86 or older. Among men, 24% were age 75 or younger 51% were 76-85 and 25% were 86 or older. It was found that out of 818 residents, 313 (38%) had depressive symptoms by day 14. Out of the 313, 213 (68%) were admitted with a diagnosis of depression. (Boyle, et al., 2004). The nursing homes in this study use the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to assess symptoms of depression however, its use is highly selective. (Boyle, et al., 2004). The authors stated that additional research in developing strategies to ensure continuity of care to people across treatment settings would be useful.

The Spanish-American War :: American History Essays Spain Papers

Throughout history, there have been some(prenominal) struggles that have been caused by many different reasons. Also, the effects of the wars whitethorn greatly impact, good or bad, either side of the fight. One great war in history of the United States was the Spanish-American struggle of 1898. The Spanish-American War was caused by many things. The war has left a lasting effect of both countries involved, the United States and Spain. Both Spain and the United States were greatly impacted by the war.The Spanish-American War was not started by one thing in particular. It was because of a large amount of reasons that built up until it erupted in war. It started with the explosion of the USS Maine. When Spain sent in General Butcher Weyler to stabilize the situation in Cuba, he put the majority of the population into concentration camps. The US sent the Maine to protect its investments there. The USS Maine was on a friendly mission to wait and rescue any US citizens that may be hurt in the conflict. At 440 pm on February 15, 1898, the Maine exploded and sank in Havana Harbor. The source of the explosion was not known. Some thought that it may have been from a Spanish mine. Others thought there may have been a spy on board the ship sent to destroy it.Even though the United States said it might have been an misadventure on board, the US citizens were sent into a frenzy by yellow journalism that was published by men like Pulitzer and Hearst. The information posted by these yellow journalist increased the anti-Spanish feelings and made more and more people favor war. Also, when Congress passed the Fifty Million Dollar bill, which gave the president 50 billion dollars to prepare for a war before it is declared, it made people more and more ready for a war and it also made them support it. many a(prenominal) countries in Europe tried to intervene in the situation without actually getting involved into the conflict. Most of Europe expressed sympathy for Spain and t ried to chatter to the US, but they would not support Spain in the conflict or in the event of a war. Also, Great Britain supported the United States all through the war and gave them advice. The two countries became uneasy as they both began to prepare their army and navy for a war in the sea and on land.

The Spanish-American War :: American History Essays Spain Papers

Throughout history, there have been many wars that have been caused by many different reasons. Also, the effects of the wars may greatly impact, good or bad, every side of the fight. One great war in history of the United States was the Spanish-American War of 1898. The Spanish-American War was caused by many things. The war has left a unchanging effect of both countries involved, the United States and Spain. Both Spain and the United States were greatly impacted by the war.The Spanish-American War was not started by one thing in particular. It was because of a large amount of reasons that built up until it erupted in war. It started with the explosion of the USS Maine. When Spain displace in General Butcher Weyler to stabilize the situation in Cuba, he cast off the majority of the population into concentration camps. The US sent the Maine to protect its investments there. The USS Maine was on a friendly mission to wait and rescue any US citizens that may be hurt in the conflict. At 440 pm on February 15, 1898, the Maine exploded and sank in Havana Harbor. The source of the explosion was not known. more(prenominal) or less thought that it may have been from a Spanish mine. Others thought there may have been a spy on board the ship sent to destroy it.Even though the United States said it might have been an accident on board, the US citizens were sent into a frenzy by icteric journalism that was published by men like Pulitzer and Hearst. The information posted by these yellow journalist increased the anti-Spanish feelings and made more and more raft favor war. Also, when Congress passed the Fifty Million Dollar bill, which gave the president 50 million dollars to prepare for a war before it is declared, it made people more and more ready for a war and it also made them support it.Many countries in Europe tried to intervene in the situation without very getting involved into the conflict. Most of Europe expressed sympathy for Spain and tried to talk to th e US, but they would not support Spain in the conflict or in the event of a war. Also, Great Britain supported the United States all through the war and gave them advice. The two countries became uneasy as they both began to prepare their army and navy blue for a war in the sea and on land.

Recruitment and selection process for Boots Essay

The recruitment and selection butt on is used to employ new people for the organisation, company or business. The recruitment process can be quite expensive due to the work and staff involved. Money is needed to advertise the position in newspapers, replying to candidates, paying interviewers, and also if candidates atomic number 18 successful then money will be needed to actu aloney train them. In the selection process there are five important areas which are completed * Job descriptions* Person specifications* Advertising* Selection process* InterviewingJob descriptionsA undertaking description is a list of the main tasks take to full fill the position. I have gathered evidence of a farm bulge description from Boots. The job description which I have collected states all of the tasks which are required, but in an actual job description only the main tasks will be noted. I have also got a job description from my local job centre but the information given is not enough for what would be required by an applicant. The description does not translate the days which will be worked or even the type of work which will be required. More and more organisations like Boots, Marks and Spencer and Tescos have job descriptions for every job, from a Cleaner to a Managing Director.There are three main ways in which a job description can be drawn up by the personnel department. These are * Line manager can draw up a job description of what the job entails.* certain existing job holder can do it.* Human resources manager can interview the job holder and the line manager to find out what the job involves.The best approach out of these three options would be to interview the line manager and the job holder because the line manager may lose out little things which may be included in the job and the job holder will be able to give more information.A job description also gives the applicants other details of the job which are necessary such as-* Actual job title* Location of the job* continuation and hours required* Main tasks required* Pay and other benefits* Person to contact and place to apply.

Argument Paper Fast Food Essay

Zinczenko is saying that greenness sense would say it is personal office to be an active swallower and know what you are putting in your m placeh. In discussions of fast-food obesity, one controversial issue has been the lack of the nutritional facts. On the one hand plenty should do research before they eat instead of blaming fast-food places. On the other hand the nutritional facts should be placed on the food itself. In my opinion, personal responsibility should be taken for what you eat be set about(predicate) fast-food places are non forcing you to eat their food.For instance common sense says something that is dunked in grease and cooked in five minutes fag endnot be good for you. Becoming obese from fast-food is the result of no self-control. Grease in itself contains many calories and causes many problems with blood pressure, cholesterol and type two diabetes. Zinczenko states, Today According to the National Institutes of Health, type 2 diabetes accounts for at to th e lowest degree 30 percent of all new childhood cases of diabetes on this country (Zinczenko 154).Type 2 diabetes is obesity related and a serious disease. Poulin 2 car park sense tells you eating two meals a day, in a fast-food restaurant, will cause you to gain burthen. This unhealthy cargo gain tells people that there is a problem to the way they are eating and it is not the washer shrinking their jeans. Instead of walking into McDonalds kids can walk into Subway and try a prepare that is healthier and cost about the same as the huge meals they can get at McDonalds. There are healthier alternatives that re just as fast and taste as good as burger joints. Although I grant that many people might say there is no way of acute how many calories are in fast-food meal has because of the lack of nutritional labels, labels are readily available on fast-food websites. The labels would not change the fact that it is personal responsibility to know that something that has been smothered in grease has no nutritional value. On the one hand, I agree with people that labels should be put on fast-food explaining what is in the food.But on the other hand, I still insist that people should do the research if labels are the main concern of nutritional values. Just because people have labels explaining the fat content does not mean they will stop eating the food. This is where personal responsibility strikes to come into play. When people find out what really is in the food and the content of fat people need to be active and make the right decision to not add fast-food into their day-after-day diets. Self-control is a huge performer here and people need to take charge, putting themselves in charge of a healthy livelihoodstyle.In the complete it is only the consumer who can control what they consume not the companies and blame cannot be put on that one party. Proponents of fast-food restaurants causing obesity are right to solicit that the food causes you to gain weig ht when you eat it regularly, it is cheap, it is easily accessible, and it is catered to children. But they exaggerate when they claim that fast-food is the number one reason for child obesity in the get together States. Poulin 3 You can argue that children who sit in front of video games and computers all day long are a huge contributing factor to the obesity rate.Their lack of activity can cause pounds to pile on and that has nothing to do with McDonalds Fast-food. For instance fast-food has always made me feel sick to my stomach. My common sense would tell me that as good as it does taste my body does not like fast-food. When I was younger I gained a lot of weight because I would eat at McDonalds every chance I got. I was unaware that I could be making better choices and choose not to eat it. Kids today are uneducated on how to make healthier choices and live healthier lives with the influences of fast-food.Zinczenko states, But most of the teenagers who live, as I once did, on a fast-food diet wont turn their lives around Theyve crossed under the golden arches to a likely fate of lifetime obesity (Zinczenko 154). If the country believes that fast-food is the cause of childhood obesity then why do we still continue to eat it? People need to realize labels are not put on the food because if people really knew what was in the food they would not continue to eat it. Again that is where common sense should tell you that you should not eat fast-food.Although at a first glance People, including young and old, might say that fast-food is the cause of being obese. But on a closer inspection it is really the individuals fault. For role model people are so quick to blame fast-food restaurants for making them obese that they jump right to suing the corporation, but are they actually doing something about the obesity. Zinczenko mentions in his member how one meal can contain up around 1,040 calories which is half of the governments recommended daily calorie intake.A nd that doesnt take into account the 450-calorie super-size reversal (Zinczenko 155). The calorie intake should tell anyone that eating this way and especially eating this way twice a day is extremely unhealthy and fattening. People need Poulin 4 to speak up and demand labels. Zinczenko says, They would do well to protect themselves, and their customers, by providing the nutrition information people need to make informed choices about their products.Without such warnings, well see more sick, obese children and angrier, litigious parents (Zinczenko 155). Parents need to be more active in their childrens lives and teach them about healthy life styles that way in the future generations can be much healthier. In conclusion people need to take personal responsibility for their own weight and stop forcing the blame on fast-food corporations. Common sense should tell you that greasy food is not good for you and that it has no nutritional value.Many people can say that labels are the cause of obesity because they are uniformed about what they are eating. Labels are readily available at any fast-food chain and on their websites. People need to speak up and come up with a solution to this issue rather than be part of the problem. Common sense too says that if it is cooked in grease it is a good chance it is covered in fat. People are responsible for their own lives and they need to stop blaming others for their short comings. eventually what is at stake here is a healthier generation.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-two

AryaHer sire had been fighting with the council over again. Arya could see it on his face when he came to table, late again, as he had been so often. The first course, a thick gentle soup make with pumpkins, had already been taken away when Ned Stark strode into the Small Hall. They called it that to set it apart from the Great Hall, where the business leader could feast a thousand, tho it was a long room with a high vaulted ceiling and bench space for dickens hundred at its trestle tables.My lord, Jory said when Father entered. He rose to his feet, and the rest of the guard rose with him. Each man wore a new cloak, minacious grey wool with a white satin border. A pass by of beaten silver clutched the woolen folds of each cloak and marked their we arrs as custody of the Hands household guard. in that respect were only litre of them, so some of the benches were empty.Be seated, Eddard Stark said. I see you drop started without me. I am pleased to know there are still any (prenominal) men of sense in this city. He signaled for the meal to resume. The servants began bringing out platters of ribs, roasted in a crust of garlic and herbs.The talk in the gramme is we shall birth a tourney, my lord, Jory said as he resumed his seat. They say that knights leave behind come from all over the realm to joust and feast in detect of your appointment as Hand of the King.Arya could see that her father was non very happy or so that. Do they also say this is the last boil exhaustg in the world I would have wished?Sansas eyes had grown wide as the plates. A tourney, she breathed. She was seated between Septa Mordane and Jeyne Poole, as far from Arya as she could get without draft copy a reproach from Father. Will we be permitted to go, Father?You know my odourings, Sansa. It seems I essential arrange Roberts games and pretend to be honored for his sake. That does non mean I must subject my daughters to this folly.Oh, please, Sansa said. I want to see.Sep ta Mordane spoke up. Princess Myrcella will be there, my lord, and her younger than Lady Sansa. All the ladies of the court will be expected at a grand event like this, and as the tourney is in your honor, it would look queer if your family did not attend.Father looked pained. I suppose so. Very well, I shall arrange a place for you, Sansa. He saw Arya. For both(prenominal) of you.I dont care about their stupid tourney, Arya said. She knew Prince Joffrey would be there, and she abominated Prince Joffrey.Sansa lifted her head. It will be a splendid event. You shant be wanted.Anger flashed across Fathers face. Enough, Sansa. More of that and you will change my mind. I am weary unto death of this perpetual war you two are fighting. You are sisters. I expect you to behave like sisters, is that chthonianstood?Sansa bit her lip and nodded. Arya lowered her face to stare sullenly at her plate. She could emotional state tears stinging her eyes. She rubbed them away angrily, determined not to cry.The only sound was the clatter of knives and forks. Pray excuse me, her father announced to the table. I find I have small appetite tonight. He walked from the hall.After he was g unmatched, Sansa exchanged excited whispers with Jeyne Poole. Down the table Jory laughed at a joke, and Hullen started in about horseflesh. Your warhorse, now, he may not be the best one for the joust. Not the same amour, oh, no, not the same at all. The men had envisiond it all onwards Desmond, Jacks, and Hullens boy Harwin shouted him down together, and Porther called for more wine.No one talked to Arya. She didnt care. She liked it that way. She would have eaten her meals a lone(prenominal) in her bedchamber if they let her. Sometimes they did, when Father had to dine with the mogul or some lord or the envoys from this place or that place. The rest of the time, they ate in his solar, just him and her and Sansa. That was when Arya missed her brothers most. She wanted to tease Bran and pl ay with featherbed Rickon and have Robb smile at her. She wanted Jon to muss up her hair and call her little sister and finish her sentences with her. But all of them were gone. She had no one left but Sansa, and Sansa wouldnt even talk to her unless Father made her.Back at Winterfell, they had eaten in the Great Hall almost half the time. Her father employ to say that a lord needed to eat with his men, if he hoped to keep them. Know the men who follow you, she heard him tell Robb once, and let them know you. Dont charter your men to die for a stranger. At Winterfell, he always had an extra seat set at his own table, and every day a divergent man would be asked to join him. One night it would be Vayon Poole, and the talk would be coppers and bread stores and servants. The coterminous time it would be Mikken, and her father would hear to him go on about armor and swords and how hot a forge should be and the best way to temper steel. Another day it might be Hullen with his endle ss horse talk, or Septon Chayle from the library, or Jory, or Ser Rodrik, or even Old Nan with her stories.Arya had love nothing break-dance than to model at her fathers table and listen to them talk. She had loved listening to the men on the benches too to freeriders tough as leather, courtly knights and bold young squires, grizzled old men-at-arms. She used to throw snowballs at them and help them steal pies from the kitchen. Their wives gave her scones and she invented names for their babies and played monsters-and-maidens and hide-the-treasure and come-into-my-castle with their children. Fat Tom used to call her Arya Underfoot, because he said that was where she always was. Shed liked that a lot better than Arya Horseface.Only that was Winterfell, a world away, and now everything was changed. This was the first time they had supped with the men since arriving in Kings Landing. Arya hated it. She hated the sounds of their voices now, the way they laughed, the stories they told. Theyd been her friends, shed felt safe around them, but now she knew that was a lie. Theyd let the pansy kill Lady, that was horrible enough, but therefore the Hound found Mycah. Jeyne Poole had told Arya that hed cut him up in so legion(predicate) pieces that theyd given him back to the butcher in a bag, and at first the poor man had imagination it was a pig theyd slaughtered. And no one had elevated a voice or drawn a blade or anything, not Harwin who always talked so bold, or Alyn who was going to be a knight, or Jory who was captain of the guard. Not even her father.He was my friend, Arya whispered into her plate, so low that no one could hear. Her ribs sat there untouched, grown cold now, a thin film of grease congealing beneath them on the plate. Arya looked at them and felt ill. She pushed away from the table.Pray, where do you think you are going, young lady? Septa Mordane asked.Im not hungry. Arya found it an bm to remember her courtesies. May I be excused, please? s he recited stiffly.You may not, the septa said. You have scarcely touched your food. You will sit down and clean your plate.You clean it forrader anyone could stop her, Arya bolted for the door as the men laughed and Septa Mordane called loudly after her, her voice rising higher and higher.Fat Tom was at his post, guarding the door to the Tower of the Hand. He blinked when he saw Arya rushing toward him and heard the septas shouts. Here now, little one, hold on, he started to say, reaching, but Arya slid between his legs and then she was running up the winding chromatography column steps, her feet hammering on the stone while Fat Tom huffed and puffed bottom her.Her bedchamber was the only place that Arya liked in all of Kings Landing, and the thing she liked best about it was the door, a massive slab of dark oak with black iron bands. When she slammed that door and dropped the heavy crossbar, nobody could get into her room, not Septa Mordane or Fat Tom or Sansa or Jory or the Ho und, nobody She slammed it now.When the bar was down, Arya finally felt safe enough to cry.She went to the window seat and sat there, sniffling, hating them all, and herself most of all. It was all her fault, everything bad that had happened. Sansa said so, and Jeyne too.Fat Tom was knocking on her door. Arya girl, whats wrong? he called out. You in there?No she shouted. The knocking stopped. A scrap later she heard him going away. Fat Tom was always easy to fool.Arya went to the chest at the foot of her bed. She knelt, opened the lid, and began pulling her clothes out with both hands, grabbing handfuls of silk and satin and velvet and wool and tossing them on the floor. It was there at the bottom of the chest, where shed hidden it. Arya lifted it out almost tenderly and drew the slender blade from its sheath.Needle.She thought of Mycah again and her eyes filled with tears. Her fault, her fault, her fault. If she had never asked him to play at swords with her . . .There was a pound ing at her door, louder than before. Arya Stark, you open this door at once, do you hear me?Arya spun around, with Needle in her hand. You better not come in here she warned. She slashed at the air savagely.The Hand will hear of this Septa Mordane raged.I dont care, Arya screamed. Go away.You will rue this insolent behavior, young lady, I promise you that. Arya listened at the door until she heard the sound of the septas receding footsteps.She went back to the window, Needle in hand, and looked down into the courtyard below. If only she could climb like Bran, she thought she would go out the window and down the tower, run away from this horrible place, away from Sansa and Septa Mordane and Prince Joffrey, from all of them. splay some food from the kitchens, take Needle and her good boots and a warm cloak. She could find Nymeria in the wild woods below the Trident, and together theyd return to Winterfell, or run to Jon on the Wall. She found herself wishing that Jon was here with he r now. Then maybe she wouldnt feel so alone.A soft knock at the door behind her turned Arya away from the window and her dreams of escape. Arya, her fathers voice called out. Open the door. We need to talk.Arya crossed the room and lifted the crossbar. Father was alone. He seemed more sad than angry. That made Arya feel even worse. May I come in? Arya nodded, then dropped her eyes, ashamed. Father closed the door. Whose sword is that?Mine. Arya had almost forgotten Needle, in her hand.Give it to me.Reluctantly Arya surrendered her sword, enquire if she would ever hold it again. Her father turned it in the light, examining both sides of the blade. He tested the point with his thumb. A bravos blade, he said. Yet it seems to me that I know this makers mark. This is Mikkens work.Arya could not lie to him. She lowered her eyes.Lord Eddard Stark sighed. My nine-year-old daughter is being armed from my own forge, and I know nothing of it. The Hand of the King is expected to territory the Seven Kingdoms, yet it seems I cannot even rule my own household. How is it that you come to own a sword, Arya? Where did you get this?Arya chewed her lip and said nothing. She would not betray Jon, not even to their father.After a while, Father said, I dont suppose it matters, truly. He looked down gravely at the sword in his hands. This is no toy for children, least(prenominal) of all for a girl. What would Septa Mordane say if she knew you were playing with swords?I wasnt playing, Arya insisted. I hate Septa Mordane.Thats enough. Her fathers voice was curt and hard. The septa is doing no more than is her duty, though gods know you have made it a struggle for the poor cleaning lady. Your mother and I have charged her with the impossible task of making you a lady.I dont want to be a lady Arya flared.I ought to snap this toy across my knee here and now, and put an end to this nonsense.Needle wouldnt break, Arya said defiantly, but her voice betrayed her words.It has a name, does i t? Her father sighed. Ah, Arya. You have a wildness in you, child. The wolf railway line, my father used to call it. Lyanna had a touch of it, and my brother Brandon more than a touch. It brought them both to an archean grave. Arya heard sadness in his voice he did not often speak of his father, or of the brother and sister who had died before she was born. Lyanna might have carried a sword, if my lord father had allowed it. You remind me of her sometimes. You even look like her.Lyanna was beautiful, Arya said, startled. Everybody said so. It was not a thing that was ever said of Arya.She was, Eddard Stark agreed, beautiful, and willful, and dead before her time. He lifted the sword, held it out between them. Arya, what did you think to do with this . . . Needle? Who did you hope to skewer? Your sister? Septa Mordane? Do you know the first thing about sword fighting?All she could think of was the lesson Jon had given her. Stick them with the pointy end, she blurted out.Her father snorted back laughter. That is the essence of it, I suppose.Arya desperately wanted to explain, to make him see. I was toilsome to learn, but . . . Her eyes filled with tears. I asked Mycah to practice with me. The grief came on her all at once. She turned away, shaking. I asked him, she cried. It was my fault, it was me . . . Suddenly her fathers arms were around her. He held her gently as she turned to him and sobbed against his chest. No, sweet one, he murmured. Grieve for your friend, but never blame yourself. You did not kill the butchers boy. That murder lies at the Hounds door, him and the cruel woman he serves.I hate them, Arya confided, red-faced, sniffling. The Hound and the queen and the king and Prince Joffrey. I hate all of them. Joffrey lie, it wasnt the way he said. I hate Sansa too. She did remember, she just lied so Joffrey would like her.We all lie, her father said. Or did you truly think Id believe that Nymeria ran off?Arya blushed guiltily. Jory promised not to tell.Jory kept his word, her father said with a smile. There are some things I do not need to be told. Even a blind man could see that wolf would never have left you willingly.We had to throw rocks, she said miserably. I told her to run, to go be free, that I didnt want her anymore. There were other wolves for her to play with, we heard them howling, and Jory said the woods were skillful of game, so shed have deer to hunt. Only she kept following, and finally we had to throw rocks. I hit her twice. She whined and looked at me and I felt so shamed, but it was right, wasnt it? The queen would have killed her.It was right, her father said. And even the lie was . . . not without honor. Hed put Needle aside when he went to Arya to embrace her. Now he took the blade up again and walked to the window, where he stood for a moment, looking out across the courtyard. When he turned back, his eyes were thoughtful. He seated himself on the window seat, Needle across his lap. Arya, sit down. I need to try and explain some things to you.She perched anxiously on the edge of her bed. You are too young to be burdened with all my cares, he told her, but you are also a Stark of Winterfell. You know our words.Winter is coming, Arya whispered.The hard cruel times, her father said. We tasted them on the Trident, child, and when Bran fell. You were born in the long summer, sweet one, youve never known anything else, but now the winter is truly coming. Remember the sigil of our House, Arya.The direwolf, she said, thinking of Nymeria. She hugged her knees against her chest, suddenly afraid.Let me tell you something about wolves, child. When the snows fall and the white winds blow, the lone wolf dies, but the pack survives. Summer is the time for squabbles. In winter, we must protect one another, keep each other warm, share our strengths. So if you must hate, Arya, hate those who would truly do us harm. Septa Mordane is a good woman, and Sansa . . . Sansa is your sister. You may be as different as the sun and the moon, but the same blood flows through both your hearts. You need her, as she needs you . . . and I need both of you, gods help me.He sounded so tired that it made Arya sad. I dont hate Sansa, she told him. Not truly. It was only half a lie.I do not mean to frighten you, but neither will I lie to you. We have come to a dark dangerous place, child. This is not Winterfell. We have enemies who mean us ill. We cannot fight a war among ourselves. This willfulness of yours, the running off, the angry words, the disobedience . . . at home, these were only the summer games of a child. Here and now, with winter soon upon us, that is a different matter. It is time to begin growing up.I will, Arya vowed. She had never loved him so much as she did in that instant. I can be strong too. I can be as strong as Robb.He held Needle out to her, hilt first. Here.She looked at the sword with wonder in her eyes. For a moment she was afraid to touch it, afraid that if she rea ched for it it would be snatched away again, but then her father said, Go on, its yours, and she took it in her hand.I can keep it? she said. For true?For true. He smiled. If I took it away, no doubt Id find a morningstar hidden under your pillow within the fortnight. Try not to stab your sister, whatever the provocation.I wont. I promise. Arya clutched Needle tightly to her chest as her father took his leave.The next morning, as they broke their fast, she apologized to Septa Mordane and asked for her pardon. The septa peered at her suspiciously, but Father nodded.Three days later, at midday, her fathers steward Vayon Poole sent Arya to the Small Hall. The trestle tables had been dismantled and the benches shoved against the walls. The hall seemed empty, until an unfamiliar voice said, You are late, boy. A slight man with a denuded head and a great beak of a nose stepped out of the shadows, retentivity a bracing of slender wooden swords. Tomorrow you will be here at midday. He ha d an accent, the lilt of the Free Cities, Braavos perhaps, or Myr.Who are you? Arya asked.I am your bound master. He tossed her one of the wooden blades. She grabbed for it, missed, and heard it clatter to the floor. Tomorrow you will catch it. Now pick it up.It was not just a stick, but a true wooden sword complete with grip and guard and pommel. Arya picked it up and clutched it nervously with both hands, holding it out in front of her. It was heavier than it looked, much heavier than Needle.The bald man clicked his teeth together. That is not the way, boy. This is not a greatsword that is needing two hands to swing it. You will take the blade in one hand.Its too heavy, Arya said.It is heavy as it needs to be to make you strong, and for the balancing. A hollow inside is filled with lead, just so. One hand now is all that is needing.Arya took her right hand off the grip and wiped her sweaty palm on her pants. She held the sword in her left hand. He seemed to approve. The left is g ood. All is reversed, it will make your enemies more awkward. Now you are standing wrong. Turn your body sideface, yes, so. You are skinny as the shaft of a spear, do you know. That is good too, the target is smaller. Now the grip. Let me see. He travel closer and peered at her hand, prying her fingers apart, rearranging them. Just so, yes. Do not squeeze it so tight, no, the grip must be deft, delicate.What if I drop it? Arya said.The steel must be part of your arm, the bald man told her. Can you drop part of your arm? No. Nine years Syrio Forel was first sword to the Sealord of Braavos, he knows these things. get word to him, boy.It was the third time he had called her boy. Im a girl, Arya objected.Boy, girl, Syrio Forel said. You are a sword, that is all. He clicked his teeth together. Just so, that is the grip. You are not holding a battle-axe, you are holding aneedle, Arya finished for him, fiercely.Just so. Now we will begin the dance. Remember, child, this is not the iron da nce of Westeros we are learning, the knights dance, hacking and hammering, no. This is the bravos dance, the water dance, swift and sudden. All men are made of water, do you know this? When you pierce them, the water leaks out and they die. He took a step backward, raised his own wooden blade. Now you will try to strike me.Arya tried to strike him. She tried for four hours, until every muscle in her body was sore and aching, while Syrio Forel clicked his teeth together and told her what to do.The next day their real work began.

Genetically Modified Foods and the Labeling Debate Essay

There has been an ongoing debate between consumers and the government regarding the use of genetically Modified food for thoughts in the securities industry today. Since the introduction of the Flavr Savr tomato, biotechnology companies continue to introduce genetically engineered agricultural products to consumers (Whittaker). The Flavr Savor tomato was the first food available to consumers that was produced using technology involving the recombinant DNA techniques in 1993. This was the dawn of a new generation in food production, and thus a whole new gentlemans gentleman of genetically engineered foods.At the present cartridge clip the government, more specifically, the United States forage and drug nerve (FDA) has non regulated labeling products that contain genetically engineered foods. Currently the policy for labeling all consumer products must run into the standards of the asylum and nutritional assessment. The evaluations of genetically engineered foods by legal aut hority require that bioengineered foods must meet the analogous standards set forth for all imported and exported foods marked for humanity and animal consumption and according to the US FDA genetically special (GM) foods meet these guidelines.Since the early 1990s scientists has been investigateing new and improved techniques to bring plumper, juicer and insecticide loathsome agricultural products to all consumers. But research such as this is nothing new to the scientific community and for over 50 years techniques sop up been utilize to create strains of wheat, rice, pears and many more crop species to create high yielding products that are capable of growing anywhere and anytime of the year. Currently, only one tenth of the world actually uses GM plants with the countries of Canada, US, Brazil and Argentina growing 90 percent of the GM crops (Freedman).With the majority of these crops being produced in North America, the US is seeing GM foods everywhere and this is drawin g attention to different agencies and groups pushing to educate the public by labeling any products that contain genetically engineered foods. The US Food and medicate Administration has been dealing with the battle against labeling products with genetically modified organisms (GMO) for years, but regardless of the consistent scrutiny the FDA sticks firmly to the current regulations that govern the labeling of all foods for human and animal consumption. below the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act, which drives the FDAs safety device regulations for food and food ingredients, unless a significant safety risk exists or there is a devout need for consumers to distinguish between food products before purchase, the FDA hesitates to mandate labeling of food products (Leggio). Joseph A. Levitt, Director of the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition with the US Food and Drug Administration states in his Should the FDA Adopt a Stricter Policy on Genetically Engineered Foods ? testimony that bioengineered foods and food ingredients must adhere to the same standards of safety infra the FD&C act that apply to their conventionally bred counterparts (Levitt, 81). With the strict laws set forth, the FDA remains consistent with its decision to maintain their current labeling program as it adheres to all safety standards of any food for consumption. The US FDA also assures the public that they have done significant research for decades on biotechnology foods to ensure it is safe for consumers, and additional testing is conducted years prior to the release of a GM product to the shelves.Scientists address all of the potential concerns to include the potential to adding new allergy causing proteins, removing live nutrients and the possibility of introducing toxins, in these studies to ensure that unexpected results do not occur, this testing provides a way to detect such changes at the development stage (Levitt, 79) and it impart also delay any release of pr oducts until they are able to find a solution. The FDA takes such precautions and studying all aspects of this technology to be confident that the risks are non-existent.Although the government has provided the public with research, publications, testimonies and scientific proof that the current law governing the labeling of food and animal products is appropriate and doesnt require change, there is still much(prenominal) concern of the risks that the technology poses to humans. Barbara Boxer, a US Senator from California, introduced the Genetically Engineered Food Right-To-Know Act in 2001 in her testimony in Should the FDA Adopt a Stricter Policy on Genetically Engineered Foods? which states all foods containing or produced with genetically engineered material bear a neutral label (Boxer, 76). This act was created based on the lack of data and concerns that GM products are introducing risks of exposure to many health issues to include food allergens, lack of nutrition and toxic ailments. These claims are legitimate, however, the US FDA does take precautions as stated by Joseph A.Levitt, specifically with these risks while conducting trials during the developing stages of the product. In 2011 there was a petition filed against the FDA which warranted the need for labeling of GM products. According to this petition consumers are misled when food labels do not differentiate foods with known health properties from novel foods with unknown health consequences (Burgaard). An example of such health concerns come from a study performed in Scotland at the Rowett work in 1998.A plant biochemist named Arpad Pusztai conducted an experiment on rats who consumed a genetically engineered potato and his experiment concluded that the rats that were fed the modified potato suffered growth and revolting system-related changes (Freedman). Ironically, the genetically modified potato used in this study was not intended for human consumption it was, in fact, designed to be to xic for research purposes, (Freedman) discrediting the research altogether.Additionally, American Medical Association, the National Academy of Sciences, the World Health Organization, and more than twenty-five Nobel Prize-winning scientists have concluded that there is no scientific express that GM food carries any risk to human health and that genetically engineered crops are safe, (Burgaard) which ties into the overall nutrition and safety assessment that genetically engineered foods meet the same standards that imported and exported foods at held too.In the end, the US Food and Drug Administration stands by the current law governing the policy on labeling genetically modified foods. They maintain their standing on mandated labeling even under the microscope of doubters, but most importantly the FDAs process for evaluating bioengineered foods is one in which the public can have confidence that food biotechnology products must meet the laws safety standards (Maryanski).The FDA car es deeply of the health and wellbeing of the consumers in America and strive to meet the needs of the public in both food and nutrition education. Until the studies show significant risks or changes in the GM products warranting the need to readdress the process, the government and the US Food and Drug Administration believe their approach is relevant and remain firm to the present policies. Annotated Bibliography Whittaker, Michael A. Reevaluating The Food And Drug Administrations Stand On Labeling Genetically Engineered Foods. San Diego Law Review 35.4 (1998) 1215. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Jan. 2014. This journal review argues that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) must reconsider its mooring on the labeling of genetically engineered food as well as consumer perceptions of the threat posed by genetically engineered foods. Freedman, David H. Are Engineered Foods Evil?. Scientific American 309. 3 (2013) 80-85. Environment Complete. Web. 2 Jan. 2014. This article discusses the debate over the safety of genetically modified (GM) crops.It covers comments from agricultural and environmental economist at the University of California, Berkeley, David Zilberman, on the benefits of GM foods compared to their health risks, a ban on GM crops by the European Union (EU), and the difference between selective plant breeding and mutagenic techniques. Leggio, Kelly A. Limitations On The Consumers Right To Know Settling The Debate Over Labeling Of Genetically Modified Foods In The United States. San Diego Law Review 38. 3 (2001) 893. Academic Search Premier. Web. 3 Jan. 2014.This journal review supports the decision of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to reject mandatory labeling of genetically modified foods as a solution to throw consumer fears. There is a description of an approach designed to evaluate whether mandatory initiatives are appropriate to protect consumers right to know and the importance for states to go along guidelines established by the FDA. Should The FDA Adopt A Stricter Policy On Genetically Engineered Foods? PRO/CON. Congressional Digest 80. 3 (2001) Pages 76-95. Academic Search Premier. Web. 2 Jan. 2014.This is a two part article that discusses genetically engineered foods and the potential need to adopt a more strict policy. The articles provided information from the perspective of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Joseph A. Levitt, the director of the Center of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition and US Senator, Barbara Boxer who speaks on behalf of the Genetically Engineered Food Right-to-Know Act and additional interviews that were conducted to cede the audience an overall understanding of both sides of the debate. Burgaard, Sudhir. The Labeling Of Genetically Modified Foods Debate. Natural Resources & Environment 28. 1 (2013) 55-57. Environment Complete. Web. 2 Jan. 2014. This article focuses on the debate on labeling of genetically modified (GM) food which reflects food safety concerns in the U. S. It highlights various legal issues related to use of GM foods which includes increased risk of antibiotic resistant bacteria, increased use of pesticides, and environmental effects. It briefs the audience about the Center for Food Safety filing a legal petition with the U. S. Food and Drug Administration regarding labeling of genetically engineered food.Maryanski, . James H. , Ph D. News & Events. Genetically Engineered Foods. US Food and Drug Administration, 19 Oct. 1999. Web. 2 Jan. 2014.This testimony is from the perspective of the Biotechnology Coordinator with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that discusses the current regulations governing genetically engineered foods and the process that dictates what and how determines what a DNA derived food is labeled. It includes a variety of examples that justifies the current labeling regulations and why GM Foods may not require additional information for the consumers.

Nutritional Assessment Essay

I have read and understand the plagiarism policy as outlined in the class and the sections in the IWU Catalog relating to the IWU Honesty/Ch carry offing Policy. By affixing this statement to the second page of my paper, I certify that I have not cheated or plagiarise in the process of completing this assignment. I also certify that the work submitted is original work specific for this course and to my program. If it is found that cheating and/or plagiarism did take place in the writing of this paper, I understand the possible consequences of the act/s, which could include expulsion from Indiana Wesleyan University.Kristine Davis June 9, 2013 NameDate JW is an 86 year grey man who lives at home with his wife of 31 years. He is in fair-good health. He has a history of prostate cancer, angina, and coronary artery disease. He has had 5 stents put in his heart over the last 10 year. He recovered well from the surgeries. He has always been athletic and fit. He played noise b whole an d soft ball until he was 68 years old. He had his first Angina attack at 68. He had radiation seen implants in 2010, which successfully eliminated the prostate cancer.His vital signs are as follows 130/82 blood pressure, 72 pulse, 20 respirations, 98. 4 oral temperature, and 96% oxygen saturation. JW weighs 178 pounds and is 5 feet 11 inch in height. His BMI (Body Mass Index) is 24. 7. JW is alert and oriented. He seems very sharp for his age. He lives with his wife and 2 dogs. He attends to his daily living needs without assistance. He has a routine of preparing his medications and meals daily. His current medications consist of a multivitamin, Omega Fatty Acids, Asprin, Nitroglycerin, Coumadin, and stool softner.JWs nutritional assessment is as follows he maintains a incessant diet, eating 3 meals a day. JW wears partial dentures, but does not require any assistance with feeding himself. He has a balanced diet with all essential food groups. He say that he drinks 8 spyglasses o f water daily as instructed by his physician. He also enjoys a glass of wine every wickedness. He has had a 3-5 pound weight loss in the last 3 months. He said he changed his diet government activity to frozen dinners because his wife had surgery 3 months ago.She was unable to make his meals on a regular basis until recently. JW is ambulatory and self-sufficient. He said his wife keeps him bustling and on his toes. He enjoys going to dinner once per week. He admits that he is happy that his wife is recovered from her surgery and back to cooking for him. He tries to tour of duty active and assist her with house work and folding laundry. JW woolly his dog of 14 years, two months ago. She had to be put to sleep due to cancer. He said the loss of his dog had a significant impact on his emotional state, and his daily routine.He said he would walk with his dog, Lucy, every morning and night if the weather permitted. After several weeks of grieving, his wife surprised him with a new pu ppy. JW feels that this puppy has brought back a sense of the companionship and joy that he lost when he lost his dog. He is back to his daily walking with the puppy. JW seems well adjusted to the new puppy. There are no psychological concerns noted. His cognitive functioning seems up to par. He spends several hours a day reading and working on crossword puzzles in order to maintain his cognitive functioning.JWs scratch is dry and warm. His mucous membranes are moist and pink. There are no visible lesions or pain noted. He does not report any barrier chewing or swallowing. He said he moves his bowels 1-2 times daily without discomfort. JWs MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) reveals that he is at risk for malnutrition. His score was 11. He was apprised of the importance of consuming adequate portions of the foods from the basic food groups including fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, and proteins. He knows that he must avoid the unhealthy fats and cholesterol in his diet.However, he was encouraged to eat a heart healthy diet including more vegetables and fruits. JW will continue to drink the 8 glasses of water per day and take daily walks for exercise. He was encouraged ask his physician if the evening glass of wine was permitted, especially considering his medication regime. JWs goal is to be at adequate weight and BMI for his size, as well as maintain good nutritional status. He continues to be monitored by his primary physician, Cardiologist, Oncologist, and a nutritionist quarterly. He maintains yearly dental exams.

Health and Child Care Practitioner Essay

Keeping children healthy and safe is very important. To ensure childrens health, caoutchouc and wellbeing both habitation nations has sets of standards or welfargon extremitys which panoramas essential meet. The standards vary from country to country, but they on the whole exists in order to protect children. Child care practitioner regard to be familiar with minimum Welfare requirements, Safeguarding children, Promoting welfare, Suitable people, Organisation, Premises, Environments, Equipment, Documentation . Section 1 Quality of Care. Standard 1 Safeguarding and child protection.The safeguarding of children is best promoted by dint of The regular followup of policies and procedures, Access to approved training for each(prenominal) staff on safeguarding issues on a regular three-yearly basis , If all children are resting/sleeping on mats or low beds, it is acceptable that the staffing ar clutchments as per required ratios, do not have to be med but a minimum of two sta ff must watch with the group of children. It is also important in settings that providing group-based care that a member of staff have a designed responsibility for Safeguarding and child protection. Standard 4 Health & Safety in the Setting.The section requires settings to ensure the relevant regulations and guidance are meet, registrations with their local Environmental Health Service and compliance with their guidance, reference is make to staff/child-minders being under the influence of any substance, this relates to alcohol or drugs, also reference is made in the negligible Standards to valid fire- gumshoe seek assessment , the risk assessment should be regularly reviewed and updated in line with Northern Ireland Fire Rescue Service Guidance. Facilities that have been designateed for some years whitethorn hold a Fire Safety Certificate. Standard 5- Food and Drink.The social value of children eating is recognised. Whilst it is beneficial to have a separate dining way of l ife in a full day care settings, all settings are required to register with their local Environmental Health Service and comply with all guidance issued. Level 2 Food Hygiene Certificate it should noted, the standards identifies the need for all setings to provide nutrient and drinks for the four main food groups, for sessional care playgroups, creches and later on school settings, it is acknowledged that they are not required to provide non-dairy sources of protein like meat, fish, eggs, beans Section 2- Quality of Staffing, Management &Leadership.Standard 11- Organisation of the Setting. In depots of addressing the requirements of this Standard, the pursual issues should be addressed Staffing ratio, Absence of person in charge, Lead Time for applications for Managers in post, Existing Staff with qualifications, Existing Staff without qualifications, New staff without qualifications, Babies and toddlers, cultivate aged children, Students in placement, Volunteers, Daily Registr ations, Minimum number of staff available, Excursions school pick-ups, child-minders Mandatory Training , Arrangements for Emergencies, Child-minders with an assistant.Standard 12- Suitable Person. The term substantial access indeed does not refer to these employed to care for children in a child minding or day care setting, but anyone who has access to the children throughout the period of snip in which care is provided and the register person. Vetting does not only refer to criminal record checks but includes medical references, employment and personal references and Social Services checks. Vetting will be carried out in line with the Regional Vetting Procedure.Section 3- Quality of Physical Environment. Standard 13- Equipment provided by all settings will be furniture, play equipment, must be competent and suitable for all ages. High chairs must have point harness, all outdoor play equipment must be safety secured in terms of safety, appropriate insurance cover must be held, i t is also important that staff have access to comfortable seating which allow them to race a bottle to or nurse an infant.. Section 4 Ability of Monitoring and Evaluation Standard 15 Documentation. As all records, including those pertaining to children and staff, are complaisant to the Trusts Registration and Inspection staff, The reference to article 126 of the Children(NI) 1995 relates to the requirement to keep record of the name of any child looked after on the register premises, any person who assist in looking after achild, any person who lives, or is likely at any time to be leaving , also providers should be aware that accidents may need to be reported to the Health and Safety Executive like work related, serious injuries, to staff or children , work related diseases , over three day injuries. Section 5- Policies and procedures. Trusts in their regulatory capacity, will wish to be satisfied that providers have the range of policies and procedures as outlined in this secti on, it is important that all policies and procedures including risk assessment are reviewed an annual basis .List of Policies as outlined in the Minimum Standards Absence of the Manager, Accidents, Additional Needs, Complaints, Confidentiality, Consent, Data Protection, Equality, First aid, Infection prevention and control, Managing Emergences, Menu Planning, Mobile phones, Parents access to record, Participations, Provision for Food and drink , Security on the setting, Smoking. 1. 2 Explain the lines of reporting and responsibility within the work setting. When we are working with children it is important to understand the lines of reporting and responsibility.In some small settings the lines of reporting may be quite simple but, in a large setting certain member of the staff may be responsible for different areas. In my setting if in case of any accident, incident, illness or any other(a) emergency I have to report to my teacher and then to others responsible, my setting also hav e Health and Safety officer, fire officer, child protection officer, safe guarding officer and a full qualified first aid for every stage.When an accident/ incident occurs at the setting we record it in our incident/ accident book which is kept in the office filing cabinet. .Some illnesses must be reported to the local health authority such like tuberculosis, mumps, meningitis. In my setting we have our emergency procedures displayed in every classroom, and the reception aria so all the staff, students or volunteers they will know where to report in case of any emergency. Legislation of Health and safety NI at work of order 1978Employee responsibilities stick to with health and safety policy and procedures, keep the safe working practise and use any or all safety equipment that is provided. Take care of yourself and the safety of others who may be affected by your actions. Employer responsibilities Making the workplace safe and eliminate health risks is one of the many, providing adequate welfare facilities, ensure health and safety in work place ,provide training ,safety equipments ,understand the grandness of regular risk assessment.3. 1 Explain how to promote childrens health and well-being in a an early years work setting Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of diseases or infirmity. Health passel be thought of a bit like a jigsaw puzzle as there are various components that need to come together in order to maintain good health and well-being both for children and adults. If one part is missing health is affected.Some of the components of health are Nutrition, Health care, Hygiene, Play opportunities, Rest and sleep, Safe guarding and protection, Positive experience, Love and attention, Fresh air and lights, Diet, Physical activities, Medical care. Rest and sleep is an essential requirement for good health and development. Sleep appears to have many vital functions required to support a healthy immune system aids the regulation of hormones and the touch of information by the brain. If a child is not sleeping enough this can have negative impact on the child health such as Growth, Memory and learning, Illness, Behaviour and impulsivity.The sleep amount hours will vary, depends on the child age for example a child between 1-3 years may need to sleep between 12- 14 hours per day, also children in this age they need to peck in the afternoon , we have to make sure that the nap is not to long so the children can sleep during the night, another issue about sleeping is the safety , by making sure that there are no objects that my suffocate children, also the cot have to be comfortable, louse and average , the rom temperature should be 18-21 not too cold, not too worm .Personal Hygiene is very important for everyone but especially for unsalted children because good hygiene prevent possible infection, children need to be kept clean but also the environment they are living in, By teaching children how to wash hands correctly, how to brush their teeth or hair we can armed service young children understand the importance of a good hygiene. We can teach children how to maintain a god personal hygiene by playing games, through different activities such as painting or through singing/ puppet show but also through good role model. immunisation is the use of vaccines to give immunity for a specific diseases, the vaccinations prevent children from getting ill but also some of the diseases can be contagious for other children and also for the staff . Love and attention is about childrens emotional well- being and is linked to their health. Babies and children can become depressed if they are not condition sufficient attention.The attention the babies and young children will receive is from their parents but also from the childcare practitioner, this mean that children must have a key person who can establish a special relation with them so they feel loved and pro tected. Diet what children eat and drink has a pivotal effect on their health. The term balanced aliment is often used in connection with the healthy eating. A balanced diet is one in which there are sufficient nutrients in right quantities for children and adults.The child care practitioner can promote a healthy diet by teaching children about healthy foods, the importance of healthy food. As an child care practitioner working with the early years I am in the unique position to influence the lives of the young children by promoting healthy living in the setting I work. I have to help children understand the importance of the healthy lifestyle 5. 1 detect balanced meals and drinks for children in their early years, following current government guidance on nutritional needs.Just like adults young children need energy ( calories) from food and nutrients such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals, to make sure their bodies work properly and can repair themselves. At th is age children grow very quickly and are ordinarily very active, so they need plenty of calories and nutrients. A healthy and varied diet should provide all nutrients the child need. A well balanced diet is who will have Milk and dairy foods, meat, fish, beans, and lentils , bread and other cereals such as rice , pasta , potatoes, breakfast cereals, fruit and vegetables, fruit juices and water.

Exercise for the Body

You know work is good for you but do you know how good? At its near basic, exercise is any type of personal exertion we perform in an effort to improve our health, shape our bodies, and boost performance (Waehner, Web). Adults, men and women, and teens both realise from exercise and physical activity in many different ways. recitation should play a key occasion in everyones daily spirit, non only does it boost self esteem, it also improves mental health and jockstraps pr as yett depression, heart disease, cardiovascular disease, Type II Diabetes, and, as always, obesity.Most people agree that even though they may non look forward to doing a workout, they tend to spirit rectify after there done. Finding activities that you enjoy and that become disrupt of your daily routine is the key to a long and healthy life. Exercising helps prevent heart disease, cardiovascular disease, Type II Diabetes, decay of bones, known as osteoporosis, and obesity. According to the Ameri thun der mug Heart Association, more than 16 million Ameri plentys have heart disease (Penninger, Web).Heart disease occurs when the small vessels in the heart muscle, the coronaries, be not sufficiently supplied with blood, a condition typically caused by arteriosclerosis (Blech 64). Primary risk factors for heart disease include amply blood pressure, obesity, cigarette smoking, diabetes, and mellow cholesterol. Daily exercise, such as, walking, swimming, and running, has been known to lower blood pressure by keeping the arterial walls distensible and responsive to both diastolic and systolic blood pressure (Marieb and Hoehn 705).Type II diabetics respond well to exercise by becoming more sensitive to insulin- the hormone that lowers blood pressure. Exercise can also descend bad cholesterol levels in the blood (the low-density lipoprotein LDL level), as well as total cholesterol, and can raise the good cholesterol (the high-density lipoprotein HDL level) (Marieb and Hoehn 943). Exe rcise burn down extra calories, increases metabolic rate (anabolic ally and catabolically), and increases enzymes which leads to weight loss. In addition, high levels of stress have been linked to weight gain.Whether its hitting the gym, swimming a couple laps in your pool, or even taking a brisk walk around your neighborhood, exercise improves mental health and helps prevent depression and anxiety. Exercise is a distraction that can get you away from the cycle of negative thoughts that feed anxiety and depression. When one is active, blood and oxygen flow to the brain are increased, growth factors that help create new nerve cells increase to promote plasticity, and chemicals in the brain increase that help cognition, such as, dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate (Physical Exercise, Web).As exercise is increased, energy levels and serotonin are increased, which leads to improved mental clarity (Sarnataro, Web). Studies show that exercise boosts activity in the brains frontal lobes an d the hippocampus. Doing something positive to manage anxiety or depression is a healthy coping strategy. Trying to feel better by drinking alcohol, dwelling on how badly you feel, or hoping anxiety or depression ordain go away on their own can lead to worsening symptoms. Self-esteem is defined as the experience of being capable of meeting lifes challenges and being worthy of happiness (Fresh, Web).Developing healthy self-esteem is a critical component of program aimed at self-improvement. In those who work out in the morning, endorphins, a chemical the pituitary glands produce, are released into your bloodstream, which can lead to a more energized day (Zelam, Web). After a long day at work, stresses and worries can accumulate inside you. Exercise right after work is the perfect natural therapy that can change your mood drastically. Daily exercise may crap you the chance to meet or socialize with others.Just exchanging a friendly smile or greeting as you walk around your neighborh ood can help improve your mood. Meeting exercise goals or challenges, even small ones, can boost your self-confidence. Getting in shape can also make you feel better about your appearance. Teens that make exercise and physical activity a habit have a lot going for them, such as, high self-esteem, better grades, and abstinence. Nearly half of American youths aged 12-21 years are not vigorously active on a regular basis (Fitness Benefits for Teens, Web).Teens who exercise a minimum of 60 proceeding a day are less liable(predicate) to have heart disease, obesity, and osteoporosis as adults. Resistance and strength training exercises in teens is very important because it helps bone production and bone growth, which prevents osteoporosis. Many teens deal with skin problems, such as, acne and early signs of aging. Exercise mediates the production of testosterone-related hormones such as DHEA and DHT. thithers a lot of indirect evidence that shows that when you exercise your level of stre ss diminishes.So your adrenal glands are producing less of these male-type hormones that are part of any acne ebullition (Bouchez, Web). Exercise boosts oxygen to the skin it also helps increase that natural production of collagen, the connective tissue that plumps your skin. Your skin color is also improved after exercise because of the increase blood flow (Fitness Guide, Web). A 2002 study by the National Academy of Health showed teens who did not exercise were five times more likely to engage in overuse of alcohol, drugs, and crime than those who were already committed to a regular schedule of exercise.Women who regularly participate in physical activity can reduce or improve symptoms of menopause, PMS, diabetes, as well as numerous other conditions. Pregnant women should also engage in exercise. Just 30 minutes of moderate exercise, three times a week, can help balance hormones, lessen morning sickness, prevent or manage gestational diabetes, and ultimately, prepare for promot e and de costry. Also, in women, estradiol and progesterone, 2 ovian hormones linked to breast cancer tumor production, are lowered in the body by exercise (Brotherston, Web).Fat is a accelerator in the production of estrogen. Exercise burns body fat and thus can decrease the rate of estrogen production. Sex plays a key role in exercise for men the greater the amounts of testosterone circulating in the body, the greater your ability to build muscle, burn body fat, enhance athleticism, and perform like a champion in the bedroom (Stiefel, Print). Sexual function is affected by general health and the more you can do to improve your health with physical activity, the etter your sex life can be. Higher levels of testosterone lead you to wanting more sex. Frequent ejaculation boosts testosterone levels, which works your endocrine system (Stiefel, Print). Researchers from the University of Naples reported that lifestyle modifications, generally a reduced calorie diet and regular exercise , improve erectile dysfunction in obese men (Bumgardner, Web). Millions of Americans suffer from illnesses that can be prevented or improved through regular physical activity.Basic knowledge of the anatomic, biochemical, and physiological changes that result from various patterns of physical activity (short and long term, sustained and intermittent, isotonic and isometric, low and high intensity) in persons of different ages is needed, as is a determination of whether a certain minimum-intensity threshold of physical activity is required for benefit (Fletcher and et al. Web). Exercise is the single beat out thing you can do for your brain in terms of mood, memory, and learning (Kotz, Web). Regular exercise is a critical part of staying healthy. Those who are active live longer and feel better.

Haveloche corporation Essay

Haveloche Corporation is a look into and development company, which translates into sporadic cash flows over time. There atomic number 18 times when genius ideas bring in lots of cash flow for the company. However, there be also times where those genius ideas be shelved because no one has an interest in that patent. The ever changing cash flows prove to be difficult for conclusiveness making, especially when it comes to whether the company should give back to its investors or not. Haveloche is constantly faced with the predicament of deciding what dividend insurance policy is best for the organization and the investors.The companys CEO listed the stock prices and dividends for us to look at. There are 3 theories of investor preference for dividend versus capital gains (1) Dividend Irrelevance Theory or Modigliani Miller (2) Bird-in-the-hand Theory (3) Tax penchant Theory. According to Modigliani Miller (MM), the dividend policy has not effect on the stock price of the firm or the cost of capital. This theory states that investors reinvest the dividends back into the firm and the firms value is only based on the income produced from its assets, and not the dividends and retained earnings.According to the second theory, the Bird-in-the-hand theory, dividends are known and st up to(p) and capital gains are stranger and uncertain. The dividend is less risky than capital gains. The risk of the firms cash flows in the long gallop is determined by the dividend payout policy according to this theory. According to the third theory, Tax Preference Theory, capital gains are preferred over dividends. Due to time value of money, a dollar paid in the next on taxes has a lower cost than a dollar paid on taxes in the present. enceinte gains typically have better tax advantages than dividends, which is why some investors prefer to invest in companies that diminish dividends. Based on the scatter plot, I would have to say that Haveloche has chosen a variety of these polar theories over the course of instructions since they have been paying dividends. When the company needed to reinvest the money back into the company, they dividend was lowered. When the company had pile of extra cash lying around, the dividend payout increased. Haveloche has been paying a dividend since its initial IPO, but those dividends vary from year to year. cardinal could argue that the dividend is guaranteed each year based on history, but the investor does not have a cue stick as to how what that dividend will be based off. Moreover, if you take a look at the stock price from year to year, it widely fluctuate up and down. Investors in this do not know from year to year if the companys patents are passing play to strike it rich or if they are just going to be shelved. It being an R&D company, it is a risky company, which investors know prior to taking the douse with investing their hard earned money. Haveloches business is based on the unknown of whether the patents will be useful to electronics companies.The company may come up with something that it deems the next big thing, but it may not find a company that wants to use it. Investors in Haveloche are not in it specifically for the dividends. Investors are hoping for heavy payouts if Haveloche makes it big. The company needs to do more research and look into which dividend policies are working for the another(prenominal) small RD companies that work on patent projects. With more information and results, Haveloche would be able to make a more intelligent business decision about which dividend policy it should choose.

Valuable Traditional Events on New Year’s Day

A racial group or an ethnic group is defined by its subtlety and religion. This is because the collective actions of pack who belong to the same group be guided by that groups heathenish values and religious beliefs. The global community consists of several racial and ethnic groups with varied sets of cultural values and religious beliefs.The differences in these beliefs explain why people all over the world do not dress alike (Muslim women are prohibited from wearing skimpy clothes which are hot among western women) do not eat the same food (unlike Christians, Muslims do not eat pork) and do not treat 1 another in the same manner (western women are allowed more granting immunity than Muslim women). Sometimes these differences are minor and easily ignored, thereby facilitating relationships across cultures.At other times, however, such differences be know very antagonistic and irreconcilable as to develop into major irritants and even cause wars. Since people from different cultures believe and be generate differently, customs dutys excessively vary across cultures. Traditions consist of the customs and practices which people moot authorised enough to hand down from generation to generation in order to preserve their snapper cultural values and beliefs. Every culture has several important traditions.In Korea, for example, one of the most important traditions is the manner of celebrating the biggest event of both year recent years Day. Seol-Nal in the Korean language, the solemnization starts with all Koreans, children and adults alike, greeting one another with the usual Happy invigorated Year greeting. Actually, the actual Korean greeting, when literally translated into English, office I wish you have a great year and tidy serving this year. Koreans greet one another opus bow their heads. Children, factoricularly, are enjoying this bowing and greeting tradition.While the tradition is for elder people to give their advice to their fa mily members who bow to them, when children do the bowing, tradition dictates that the elders should give them lucky money. This tradition dates hold up as early as four hundred years ago. Children, therefore, could get lucky money from their parents, their aunts and uncles, and their grandparents. Koreans conduct this a very important tradition because it shows their elders desire for the success of the members of their families. Therefore, this lucky money is a means of helping them start their new year in a prosperous manner.For the children, lucky money means new clothes, backpacks, pens and pencils because they want to re bout to school with brand new clothes and school supplies. Because of the importance of the New Years Day celebration, Koreans, wherever they are, make it a point to do their utmost in order to go back home to hold back this event together with their families since most of them are like a shot living elsewhere because of their jobs. Korean families of two hundred years ago usually lived in one big house where they could always have time to talk about their affairs and their problems.Nowadays, the New Years Day celebration is the tho occasion during which they could be together again and talk scantily like old times. The celebration actually starts on the eve of the New Year called Sut dal kum milliampere in the Korean language. To prepare for the New Year, Koreans clean their houses thoroughly. After the house-cleaning, they light halogens of different colors. Then they gestate hot water privy and light sticks made of bamboo because they believe that doing so would drive the evil spirits away. Koreans do not sleep during New Years Eve.The belief is that when one goes to sleep, his or her eyebrows would turn white. Then the coming of the New Year is welcomed by switching on all the lights in the hearty house and keeping their eyes wide open (Society for the Confluence of Festivities in India). Then they take their bath early t he following morning, New Years Day, and dress themselves up in new clothes. Afterwards, the bowing and giving of lucky money begins immediately. Meanwhile, the day is spent by Korean women in cooking yummy meals.Almost all Koreans cook the handed-down rice-cake soup called Deok-Guk on New Years Day. gibe to them, this stands for purity because its color is white. The Korean saying is that if Deok-Guk is served on New Years Day, those who eat give have a longer life because the rice cake used in making the soup are long. Korean children love Deok-Guk because they believe that they will grow faster and taller when they eat it during this day. Aside from Deok-Guk, Koreans also cook many healthy recipes which contain plenty of meat and vegetables (SCFI).Koreans, in keeping with tradition, also celebrate the day by drinking a special kind of liquor which, according to them, improves their hearing power. In other words, when they drink this liquor on New Years Day, they are convinced that their maven of hearing will be in excellent condition throughout the year. Their ancestors are also part of the celebration. In a ritual which they call Chesa, the ancestors are beingness energized so that they could bless their descendants. This ritual is being conducted in a clean room where there is an altar with foods on it according to a condition arrangement.First, the meat is placed on the left side of the altar and the rice drink is on the right field side of the altar. Then all items colored white should be on the western side and the red-colored foods on the eastern side. In addition, if any food contains heads and tails, the head should be situated on the east while the tail should be positioned facing west. Finally, using a special paper which Koreans call Chi Bang, the separate of the male ancestors are then written clearly on the left side while the feminine ancestors name are written on the right, arranged in the order of their ages.For instance, the names of the great grandparents come first, followed by the names of the grandparents, then the names of the parents if they are already dead. This particular ritual, according to Koreans, is being detect in order to obtain the blessings of their descendants (SCFI). Koreans also believe that their ancestors are living in the flip and are always ready to protect them. Because of this belief, one of their traditions is a memorial service conducted for their ancestors. First, they prepare different kinds of food and then place them, together with the framed photographs of their ancestors, on a big table.Then every member of the family should bow in front of the photographs of their ancestors two times at the same time lack for the protection of the whole family. After everybody is done with the bowing, the elders offer alcoholic drink to their ancestors. Then everybody is allowed to spend a quiet time in the room so that they can talk with their ancestors. Afterwards, everybody leaves th e room and silence is retained in the whole house to enable the ancestors to come down from the sky and eat the food active for them.Most Koreans observe this custom which is believed to be one thousand years old already. After the rituals have been observed, the family members, especially the children, find time to play. Most of the games being contend are outdoor games because they are considered good for the health, especially for children. Some of the more popular outdoor games for New Years Day are tops-spinning, kite flying, and the Korean game called Jae gi cha gi which is like the game where hacky sacks are kicked.Another traditional game which is very popular among Koreans because it could be played almost anywhere is called Yut-nol-ee. This game is usually played during the New Years Day and everyday until the fifteenth day of January. Children are very loving of this game because it involves stick-throwing (SCFI). People from different cultural backgrounds observe the ir traditional events every year not only to commemorate significant occasions but more importantly, to be able to hand down tradition from generation to generation for the purpose of preserving their core cultural values.This is the most effective method of keeping their cultures alive. Koreans necessitate to this school of thought. This is why efforts are being exerted to require the current generation and the generations to come to keep Korean traditions alive no matter what. It is all right for Koreans if people from different cultural backgrounds celebrate the New Year differently and sometimes even on different dates. What is important is for people across cultures to repute each others traditions and preserve the cultures of the world.

Altruism among humans Essay

This paper presents an examination of the phenomenon of altruism among humans. Altruism is defined as a behaviour that may be to ones prefer but is also to the advantage of others. The questions of why we behave this way or what motivates us to behave in this manner and the relevance to lodge today atomic number 18 the heighten of this paper. Various research and theories has explained why unselfish behaviour is undertaken intentionally in the human cosmos.Introduction We often read or hear about acts of generosity and courage, such as, memory raisers or concerts tohelp homeless good deal, the fostering of a child and sponsoring his or her education, or of volunteers risking their lives to help victims in incidents like September 11 terrorist attack in the United States. We could have donated some money to orphanages or cared for a wounded dog. Such humane acts are defined by Psychologists as altruism (Moghaddam, 1998). unselfish acts could be unselfish or done for personal g ain or egoistic reasons. Indeed in a psychological paradigm, psychologists believe that true altruistic behaviour does not exist (Moghaddam, 1998).But how do we account for the behaviour of Mother Theresa or Mahatma Gandhi and many other unselfish acts of human endeavours? In consecrate to explore this we have to understand the person variable and situational variable motivating the altruistic act (Simons, Kalichman & Santrock, 1994). As we are aware behaviour is determined by personal and situational variables. A persons top executive to empathise with the needy or to feel responsible for anothers welfare has great imp bring through on altruistic behaviour. Situations influence the strength of the altruistic motivation.Reciprocity and exchange are important aspects of altruism (Simons, Kalichman & Santrock, 1994). Humans give and receive from others everywhere. Reciprocity is the basic principle of every religion in the world for example, Judaism, Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhis m and Islam (Brosnahan, 2003). To act altruistically, requires consciousness and caring, and similarly, pet owners can often cite altruistic behaviour or at least conscious acts of kindness on the part of cats and dogs (Simons, Kalichman & Santrock, 1994).Another good example would be the nursing, handicraft founded on the notion of helping people, sometimes even at a cost to nurses themselves. There are many ways people show altruism. To explain why we do altruistic acts like volunteering, donating or raising funds, we need to distinguish between four different forms of altruism which are observed in humans that shown towards kin, a partner, a friend, and individual who does not fit into these categories (http//www. theunityofknowledge. org/the_evolution_of_altruism/introduction. htm, 2003) Of the several types of altruism a main(prenominal) focus has been on heroic altruism (Moghaddam, 1998).It is a short term intervention requiring physical action and tends to fit more the masc uline gender. On the other hand Nurturant altruism requires more patience, perceive and a caring attitude with long term involvement. This more closely fits the send off of the traditional effeminate gender (Moghaddam, 1998). The Bystander effect greatly influences helping behaviour, because of common ignorance of bystanders and assumptions about other bystanders actions. Each persons scope of responsibilities can decrease in the presence of others ( Moghaddam, 1998).Inorder for Bystander to help he or she has to posses social skills to interpret the situation and take appropriate actions (Moghaddam, 1998). Initially from a theoretical perspective if a person knows how to overcome obstacles to he or she giving help, subsequently other people start challenge whether the helping behaviour was true altruism (Moghaddam, 1998). A later there was a theory of Daniel Batson empathy-altruism, believes that people help out of a genuine desire(Moghaddam, 1998).Other theories propose that altruistic behaviour is egoistic and adjust the hypothesis that helping behaviour is a way torepair a helpers image (Moghaddam, 1998). Methodology An interview was conducted with a woman who volunteers her services with meals on wheels and has done nearly sixteen years. She is a retired school teacher living alone. I assumed that her altruistic behaviour had a self fulfilling motive. thusly I chose her and I wanted to clarify or confirm my assumption. In order to facilitate my focus interviewee was given ten questions asking about her volunteering profile, and her motivating factors. This interview created awareness of other influencing factors motivating her altruistic behaviour.

Panic or use of fear

terrorismTerrorism comes from the word panic which means terror or the usage of fright to transfuse diswhitethorn in great deal to coerce them or hale them to make iodine s command. Terrorism is the everywhereturn and planned usage of force, force or even fear against guiltless complaisantians for the intents of accomplishing aims and ends that may either be politic altogethery, ideologic totallyy, personally or sacredly instigated ( word net.com ) . Terrorism posterior to a fault be carried out as a signifier of retaliation by those who feel they may herstwhile(a) been wronged by certain persons. Terrorism has become a major concern non merely to universe of discourse leaders but to citizens of assorted states as good, particularly those viewed to be anti-Islam. Unfortunately the United States of America ( USA ) is top on this list, doing the citizens ever in a bad way(p) that their safety may be at interest.Crime in the signifier of terrorist motion can be traced back to antediluvian times, for every bit long as human existences have been voluntary to go for fright or force to hold their direction. In the first century, a Judaic group appointment themselves The Sicarii employed slaying to their enemies every bit good as confederates in their command to subvert the romish swayers from Judea ( Amy, 2005 ) . In the eleventh century all the manner to the thirteenth century, a secret Islamic ghostlike order, The Hashashin, became active in Syria and Iran and they executed Abbasid and Seljuk politicians, doing them feargond among their equals. It is besides deserving observing that the word bravo, normally employ to depict terrorists was adapted from the word Hashashin.Modern twenty-four hours terrorist act nevertheless became rife in the tardy 1960 s a period ill-famed for highjackings. The popular forepart for Palestinian release hijacked an El Al flight and close 20 old ages subsequently, a Pan Am flight was bombed over Lockerbie in Scotland, a cooling world that terrorist act was here with us. Numerous other terrorist activities have been carried out since so with the most hideous in the recent yesteryear being the September 11th 2001 onrush of the parallel Towers at the World Trade Centre in New York in which claimed the lives of 2,995 people, including 19 highjackers and wounding over 6,291 people.Harmonizing to the website Terrorism Research there are legion classs of terrorists, among these are Breakaway whose chief signifier of work on is the separation through independency, domination or spiritual freedom through such agencies as social unf broadcastnesss among others. Other classs include Nationalist, Ethnocentric, Revolutionary, Political, Religious, Social, Domestic and International or Transnational. The means the terrorists can utilize to accomplish their ends can be classified as cyber terrorist act, biological terrorist act, province sponsored terrorist act or violent terrorist act among others ( Categ ories of terrorists, 2006 ) .This look for will concentrate on international terrorist act which is shortly the major manner in which terrorist act activities are perpetrated. International terrorists in the recent yesteryear have been of Islamic beginnings. Harmonizing to Islam instructions, none is to be idolise but Allah, and anyone who seems to be interfering with the spread of Islam as a faith or non welcoming it is considered an ethnic who should be wiped out. The USA has in its international policies been portrayed as an enemy of Islam and this has led to a fate of hatred to it from the Islamic states. Terrorist cells have hence come up in these states where sometimes even fledgling male childs are educated and brought up in a manner that makes them believe the Western states are a beginning of immorality that should be cleaned.Most of the terrorists are brought into these cells when they are immature and have their caputs fill with the negative impacts of the Western s tates. These immature male childs hence grow with a negative attitude towards these states and by the clip they attain the age of about 18, they normally have to the full formed attitudes towards these states that they are willing to give their lives in the name of supporting their faith, every bit good as assisting free the universe of the soil that is coming from the West. Their Acts of the Apostless range from bombing centres they believe to prolong the economic systems of these states to others like killing, albeit ghastly people they consider to be sympathisers with these states.The universe s most wanted felon when it comes to terrorism at the s is the Saudi born Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden. He is one of the laminitiss of the ill-famed terrorist group, the Al understructure and was born on 10th March 1957 in Riyadh in the democracy of Saudi Arabia to a affluent man of affairs male parent who was a polygamist. Bin Laden, was the boy of the 10th get hitched with wom an and his parents divorced shortly after his birth. He graduated with a grade in civil technology. Osama is of the sentiment that the reconstructing the Sharia jurisprudence will compensate the wrongs in the Islamic universe and hence all other sentiments are disused. He believes American democratic political orientations are to be resisted by all agencies possible and he advocates for violent Jihadism as a agency of accomplishing this aim.In Osama s beliefs, America, Israel, and the Shia Muslims are enemies and are vehicles through which moral degeneracy is dispersed. He has specific hatred towards the Jews who he considers cunning and Masterss of perfidy. He is non harmonical to anyone when it comes to Jihadism and he considers all citizens, including adult females and kids to be suited marks of jehad. He insists jehad is the lone manner to compensate the wrongs that have been perpetrated against Muslim states and in peculiar his choler is directed at the USA. He is besides of t he belief that Israel as a state should be wiped out.Theodore Kaczynski was born on 22nd May 1942. He is a former professor of mathematics who carried out a batch of mail bombardments and is most celebrate as the Unabomber ( University and Airline Bomber ) . He was a child mastermind and while in the ordinal class, an IQ trial conducted on him revealed he had an IQ ( Intelligence Quotient ) of 167 and he was hence allowed to jump the sixth class and travel straight to the 7th class. At the age of 16, he is said to hold been convoluted in CIA head control and emphasis experiments which his attorneies during his test claim may hold had inauspicious effects on his province of head ( McFadden, 1996 ) .He moved to Lincoln, Montana in a cabin that had no basic necessities in an attempt to hone his endurance accomplishments and while there he began bombing universities and air hoses in an attempt to hold his positions about the devastation of the natural home ground around him heard. H e was classified as a domestic terrorist as his action neer went beyond boundaries of his state. His terrorist onslaughts were carried out in the periods between the old ages 1978 and 1995 and led to the decease of 3 people and hurt to 23 others. Despite cooperative attempts and legion probe efforts, the governments were unable to capture Theodore and it took the aid of his brother for them to eventually capture him. He is presently incarcerated in a province prison, functioning a life sentence at the ADX Florence Maximum quickness in Florence Colorado without the possibility of a word.Timothy James McVeigh was born on April 23rd 1968 to a Catholic household and his parents, like those of Osama bin Laden divorced, although much later when he was 10 old ages old. In his confessions subsequently, he expressed an eager desire to decease from manner back in his puerility as he was ever picked upon by the senior pupils who took pride in strong-arming him. This made him turn up angry at the universe for doing his life so suffering. His terrorist activities were geared towards retaliation as he considered it the net payback to those who wronged him. He was a bright pupil and at high cultivate was even considered the school s most promising computing machine coder ( Patrick, 1996 ) .Mc Veigh s Terrorist activities involved the bombardment of the Alfred P. Murrah Building in which 168 people lost their lives and 450 people were injured. He blew up the edifice in a truck that contained about 5000 lbs of a compound of ammonium nitrate and Nitromethane. He is said non to hold been contrite as he had at last exacted retaliation to the greatest bully of all-the USA. He merely regretted retention led to the deceases of kids who attended day care at the land floor of the edifice. On the 11th June 2001 at the USA Federal penitentiary in Indiana s Terre Haute Timothy Mc Veigh was executed by deadly injection holding been found guilty of charges of terrorist act leveled aga inst him.The most dramatic characteristic about all the three terrorists is the fact that they were all bookmans. Osama bin Laden graduated with a grade in Civil Engineering, Theodore Kaczynsky was a child mastermind who joined Harvard at the stamp age of 16 and went on to go a professor of Mathematics, Timothy was good at programming and in high school, he was the schools most promising computing machine coder. The other similarity is that they were all driven by their beliefs and their actions were as a consequence of these beliefs, and they had no declinations whatsoever about their actions. The major difference is that while the latter deuce are domestic terrorists, Osama is an International terrorist who is still on the tally. The other two have been captured and incarcerated with Mc Veigh already executed.As per the profile at the start of the paper, they all fit since their terrorist inclinations seem to hold originated from their childhood thereby specifying their grownup li fe determinations and beliefs. From the research, their mind is a fact that was non so out in the unfastened and is one of the new facts learned in the class of the survey. Had timothy non been bullied so much in his childhood, he may non hold turned out so angry at the universe and acted in the mode in which he did. Possibly the CIA s experiment on Theodore may hold backfired taking him to go the mentally ill person he subsequently became, and Osama may hold turned different had he turn up in a different scene that did non portray other ideals apart from Islam as misleading.